Cardinal & Prentice: In The Nick Of Time [Team Project] Mac OS
Cardinals | |
---|---|
Male northern cardinal | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Superfamily: | Emberizoidea |
Family: | Cardinalidae Ridgway, 1901 |
Genera | |
Piranga |
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1160 Paleosols and Weathering Through Geologic Time - Principles and Applications, Juergen Reinhardt, Wayne R. Sigleo 4412 In Their Own Write, Paul Gorman 1106 Awakened Bellydwellers, Bobbie Barton 0084 Praying the Rosary with the Martyrs, Nick Donnelly. Cardinal definition is - a high ecclesiastical official of the Roman Catholic Church who ranks next below the pope and is appointed by him to assist him as a member of the college of cardinals.
Cardinals, in the family Cardinalidae, are passerinebirds found in North and South America. They are also known as cardinal-grosbeaks and cardinal-buntings.
The South American cardinals in the genusParoaria are placed in the tanager family Thraupidae. On the other hand, DNA analysis of the genera Piranga (which includes the scarlet tanager, summer tanager, and western tanager), Chlorothraupis, and Habia showed their closer relationship to the cardinal family.[1] They have been reassigned to that family by the American Ornithological Society.[2]
Species list[edit]
(1) 'Masked' clade:
Image | Genus | Living species |
---|---|---|
PeriporphyrusL. Reichenbach, 1850 |
| |
CaryothraustesL. Reichenbach, 1850 |
| |
RhodothraupisRidgway, 1898 |
| |
CardinalisBonaparte, 1838 |
| |
PirangaVieillot, 1808 |
|
(2) 'Blue' clade:
Image | Genus | Living species |
---|---|---|
AmaurospizaCabanis, 1861 |
| |
CyanocompsaCabanas, 1861 |
| |
CyanoloxiaBonaparte, 1850 |
| |
PasserinaVieillot, 1816 North American buntings |
| |
SpizaBonaparte, 1824 |
|
(3) Ant tanager clade:
Image | Genus | Living species |
---|---|---|
HabiaBlyth, 1840 |
| |
ChlorothraupisSalvin & Godman, 1883 |
|
(4) 'Chat' clade:
Image | Genus | Living species |
---|---|---|
GranatellusBonaparte, 1850 |
|
(5) 'Pheucticus' clade:
Image | Genus | Living species |
---|---|---|
PheucticusL. Reichenbach, 1850 |
|
Biology[edit]
They are robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. The family's smallest member is the 12-cm (4.7-in), 11.5-g (0.40-oz) orange-breasted bunting. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinctive appearances. The northern cardinaltype species was named by colonists for the male's redcrest, reminiscent of a Catholic cardinal's biretta.[3]
The 'North American buntings' are known as such to distinguish them from buntings of the Old World family Emberizidae. The name 'cardinal-grosbeak' can also apply to the cardinal family as a whole.
Most species are rated by the IUCN as being of least concern, though some are near threatened.[4]
References[edit]
- ^Yuri, T.; Mindell, D. P. (May 2002). 'Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Fringillidae, 'New World nine-primaried oscines' (Aves: Passeriformes)'. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 23 (2): 229–243. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00012-X. PMID12069553.
- ^'Family: Cardinalidae'. American Ornithological Society. Retrieved Feb 1, 2019.
- ^Duchesne, Bob (September 21, 2012). 'Proliferation of cardinals a fairly recent event'. Bangor Daily News. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014.
- ^Search 'cardinalidae' at IUCN Red ListArchived June 27, 2014, at the Wayback Machine for more info.
- Stiles and Skutch, A guide to the birds of Costa RicaISBN0-8014-9600-4
- Hilty, Steven L (2003) Birds of Venezuela London: Christopher Helm, ISBN0-7136-6418-5
- ffrench, Birds of Trinidad and TobagoISBN0-7136-6759-1
- 'National Geographic' Field Guide to the Birds of North AmericaISBN0-7922-6877-6
- Klicka, John; Burns, Kevin; Spellman, Garth M. (December 2007). 'Defining a monophyletic Cardinalini: A molecular perspective'. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 45 (3): 1014–1032. CiteSeerX10.1.1.550.1550. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.07.006. PMID17920298.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to the cardinal family. |
Wikispecies has information related to Cardinalidae. |
Cardinal Flower
- Cardinalidae videos, photos and sounds on the Internet Bird Collection
- Cardinalidae sounds on xeno-canto.org
- Northern cardinal (bird information) on petinfospot.com
- Northern cardinal, including sound and video clips, on Cornell Lab of Ornithology